Here in this section of Android Programming Long Questions and Answers,We have listed out some of the important Long Questions with Answers on Android Fragment which will help students to answer it correctly in their University Written Exam.
Q-1 What is fragment and how we can create it in android application?
- A Fragment represents a behavior or a portion of user interface in an Activity.
- You can combine multiple fragments in a single activity to build a multi-pane UI and reuse a fragment in multiple activities.
- You can think of a fragment as a modular section of an activity, which has its own lifecycle, receives its own input events, and which you can add or remove while the activity is running.
- A fragment must always be embedded in an activity and the fragment’s lifecycle is directly affected by the host activity’s lifecycle.
- However, while an activity is running (it is in the resumed lifecycle state), you can manipulate each fragment independently, such as add or remove them.
- When you perform such a fragment transaction, you can also add it to a back stack that’s managed by the activity— each back stack entry in the activity is a record of the fragment transaction that occurred.
- The back stack allows the user to reverse a fragment transaction (navigate backwards), by pressing the Back button.
Adding a fragment to an activity
- Usually, a fragment contributes a portion of UI to the host activity, which is embedded as a part of the activity’s overall view hierarchy.
- There are two ways you can add a fragment to the activity layout:
Declare the fragment inside the activity’s layout file
- In this case, you can specify layout properties for the fragment as if it were a view. For example, here’s the layout file for an activity with two fragments:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <fragment android:name="com.example.news.ArticleListFragment" android:id="@+id/list" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <fragment android:name="com.example.news.ArticleReaderFragment" android:id="@+id/viewer" android:layout_weight="2" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> </LinearLayout>
- The android:name attribute in the specifies the Fragment class to instantiate in the layout.
- When the system creates this activity layout, it instantiates each fragment specified in the layout and calls the onCreateView() method for each one, to retrieve each fragment’s layout.
- The system inserts the View returned by the fragment directly in place of the element.
Programmatically add the fragment to an existing ViewGroup
- At any time while your activity is running, you can add fragments to your activity layout. You simply need to specify a ViewGroup in which to place the fragment.
- To make fragment transactions in your activity (such as add, remove, or replace a fragment), you must use APIs from FragmentTransaction.
- You can get an instance of FragmentTransaction from your Activity like this:
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
- You can then add a fragment using the add() method, specifying the fragment to add and the view in which to insert it. For example:
ExampleFragment fragment = new ExampleFragment();
fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.fragment_container, fragment);
fragmentTransaction.commit();
- The first argument passed to add() is the ViewGroup in which the fragment should be placed, specified by resource ID, and the second parameter is the fragment to add.
- Once you’ve made your changes with FragmentTransaction, you must call commit() for the changes to take effect.