Question: To create a file

Answer:

To create a file in a file system, both options (a) and (b) are correct:

1. Allocate the space in the file system: When creating a file, the file system needs to allocate space on the storage media to store the file's data. This involves reserving a portion of the disk or other storage device to hold the contents of the file.

2. Make an entry for the new file in the directory: The file system also needs to keep track of the file's existence and location. This is done by making an entry in the directory, which is a data structure that organizes and maintains a list of file names along with their corresponding metadata, such as the file's inode number and location.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3. both (a) and (b).