Question: What is URL?

Answer:

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is the address used to locate a resource on the internet. A URL is a string of characters that provides a way to access a specific web page, file, or resource on the World Wide Web.

A typical URL consists of several components:

1. Protocol: The protocol specifies the rules and procedures for communication between a client (such as a web browser) and a server. Examples of protocols include HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), HTTPS (HTTP Secure), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), etc.

2. Domain name: The domain name identifies the specific website or server where the resource is located. It can be a human-readable name like "example.com" or an IP address in numerical format.

3. Path: The path refers to the specific location or directory on the server where the resource is stored. It may include subdirectories and filenames.

4. Parameters: Parameters are additional information appended to the URL that provide instructions or data to the server. They are often separated from the rest of the URL by a question mark (?), and multiple parameters are separated by ampersands (&).

5. Fragment identifier: The fragment identifier is used to specify a specific section or anchor within a webpage. It is typically preceded by a hash symbol (#).

Here's an example of a URL: "https://www.example.com/blog/article?id=12345#section2"

In this example, "https://" indicates the protocol, "www.example.com" is the domain name, "/blog/article" is the path, "id=12345" is a parameter, and "#section2" is the fragment identifier.