Question: The __________ state in Reno TCP is a state somehow between the slow start and the congestion avoidance states.

Answer:

The Congestion Avoidance (CA) state in Reno TCP is a state between the Slow Start (SS) and the Congestion Avoidance (CA) states.
During the Slow Start phase, the congestion window size (cwnd) is increased exponentially until a threshold, called the Slow Start Threshold (ssthresh), is reached. After this threshold is reached, the congestion window size is increased linearly during the Congestion Avoidance phase until congestion is detected.
In Reno TCP, the Congestion Avoidance phase is entered after the slow start phase or after a packet loss is detected during the slow start phase. When the congestion avoidance phase is entered, the congestion window size is set to the Slow Start Threshold (ssthresh) and the congestion window is increased linearly by one segment for each round-trip time (RTT) until congestion is detected.
In the Congestion Avoidance state, the congestion window size grows more slowly than during slow start but faster than during the slow start threshold (ssthresh). By gradually increasing the congestion window size, the Congestion Avoidance state helps to prevent network congestion and maintain stable throughput.
Overall, the transition from the Slow Start to the Congestion Avoidance state in Reno TCP is an important mechanism for balancing network utilization and reliability.

MCQ: The __________ state in Reno TCP is a state somehow between the slow start and the congestion avoidance states.

Correct Answer: A. congestion avoidance

The Congestion Avoidance (CA) state in Reno TCP is a state between the Slow Start (SS) and the Congestion Avoidance (CA) states.
During the Slow Start phase, the congestion window size (cwnd) is increased exponentially until a threshold, called the Slow Start Threshold (ssthresh), is reached. After this threshold is reached, the congestion window size is increased linearly during the Congestion Avoidance phase until congestion is detected.
In Reno TCP, the Congestion Avoidance phase is entered after the slow start phase or after a packet loss is detected during the slow start phase. When the congestion avoidance phase is entered, the congestion window size is set to the Slow Start Threshold (ssthresh) and the congestion window is increased linearly by one segment for each round-trip time (RTT) until congestion is detected.
In the Congestion Avoidance state, the congestion window size grows more slowly than during slow start but faster than during the slow start threshold (ssthresh). By gradually increasing the congestion window size, the Congestion Avoidance state helps to prevent network congestion and maintain stable throughput.
Overall, the transition from the Slow Start to the Congestion Avoidance state in Reno TCP is an important mechanism for balancing network utilization and reliability.