Question: What is Universal Resource Locator ,Explain with example?

Answer:

A Universal Resource Locator (URL) is a specific web address used to identify and locate resources on the internet. It provides a standardized format for addressing and accessing web pages, files, images, videos, and other resources.

A URL typically consists of several components:

1. Protocol: It specifies the communication protocol to be used when accessing the resource. The most common protocol is HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), but other protocols like HTTPS (HTTP Secure), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), and others may also be used.

2. Domain or Hostname: It identifies the specific website or server where the resource is located. It is usually a human-readable name, such as "example.com" or "google.com." It can also include subdomains, such as "www" or "blog."

3. Path: It indicates the specific directory or file path on the server where the resource is located. It defines the hierarchical structure of the resource's location. For example, "/images/logo.png" or "/products/shoes.html."

4. Query Parameters (optional): They provide additional information or parameters to the server when accessing the resource. Query parameters are typically appended to the URL using the "?" character followed by key-value pairs. For example, "?search=keyword" or "?page=2&sort=asc."

Here's an example of a URL:

```
https://example.com/products/shoes.html?category=sneakers&color=blue
```

In this example:

• - Protocol: HTTPS indicates a secure HTTP connection.
• - Domain or Hostname: "example.com" represents the website or server.
• - Path: "/products/shoes.html" specifies the location of the shoes.html file in the products directory.
• - Query Parameters: "?category=sneakers&color=blue" provides additional information to the server, indicating that the resource should display sneakers with the color blue.

When a user enters or clicks on a URL in a web browser, the browser uses the provided URL to establish a connection to the corresponding server and retrieve the requested resource, such as a web page or file.