Definition
A Structure is a user defined data type that can store related information together. The variable within a structure are of different data types and each has a name that is used to select it from the structure. C arrays allow you to define type of variables that can hold several data items of the same kind but structure is another user defined data type available in C programming, which allows you to combine data items of different kinds.
Structures are used to represent a record, Suppose you want to keep track of your books in a library. You might want to track the following attributes about each book:
• Title
• Author
• Subject
• Book ID
Structure Declaration
It is declared using a keyword struct followed by the name of the structure. The variables of the structure are declared within the structure.
Example:
Struct struct-name
{
data_type var-name;
data_type var-name;
};Structure Initialization
Assigning constants to the members of the structure is called initializing of structure.
Syntax:
struct struct_name
{
data _type member_name1;
data _type member_name2;
}
struct_var={constant1,constant2};Accessing the Members of a structure
A structure member variable is generally accessed using a ‘.’ operator.
Syntax: strcut_var.
member_name;
The dot operator is used to select a particular member of the structure. To assign value to the individual
Data members of the structure variable stud, we write,
stud.roll=01;
stud.name=”Rahul”;
To input values for data members of the structure variable stud, can be written as,
scanf(“%d”,&stud.roll);
scanf(‘’%s”,&stud.name);
To print the values of structure variable stud, can be written as:
printf(“%s”,stud.roll);
printf(“%f”,stud.name)
