Top 30 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) only focused on the Security Headers and Information Disclosure in the context of web security covering below topics,along with their answers and explanations.
• Explaining the role of security headers (e.g., X-Content-Type-Options, X-Frame-Options) in preventing information disclosure.
• Discussing best practices for configuring security headers.
PRACTICE IT NOW TO SHARPEN YOUR CONCEPT AND KNOWLEDGE
1. What is the purpose of the X-Content-Type-Options header in web security?
- To specify the character encoding for the document.
- To prevent browsers from interpreting files as a different MIME type than declared.
- X-Content-Type-Options has no impact on information disclosure.
- To control whether a browser should render a page in quirks mode.
The X-Content-Type-Options header is used to prevent browsers from interpreting files as a different MIME type than declared, reducing the risk of MIME sniffing attacks.
2. How does the X-Frame-Options header contribute to preventing information disclosure?
- By encrypting communication between the client and the server.
- X-Frame-Options does not relate to preventing information disclosure.
- By controlling whether a web page can be embedded within an iframe.
- To restrict the types of files that can be loaded by a webpage.
The X-Frame-Options header controls whether a web page can be embedded within an iframe, helping prevent clickjacking attacks and protecting against information disclosure.
3. What is the purpose of the Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS) header in web security?
- To specify the character encoding for the document.
- To enforce the use of HTTPS by indicating that a web server should only be accessed over a secure connection.
- Strict-Transport-Security does not impact information disclosure.
- To control the caching behavior of the browser.
The Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS) header enforces the use of HTTPS by indicating that a web server should only be accessed over a secure connection, reducing the risk of man-in-the-middle attacks.
4. Which security header helps mitigate the risk of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks by restricting the sources of executable scripts?
- Content-Security-Policy (CSP)
- Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS)
- X-Frame-Options
- X-Content-Type-Options
Content-Security-Policy (CSP) helps mitigate the risk of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks by restricting the sources from which the browser can load executable scripts.
5. What is the purpose of the Referrer-Policy header in web security?
- To specify the character encoding for the document.
- To control how much referrer information should be included in requests.
- Referrer-Policy does not impact information disclosure.
- To restrict the types of files that can be loaded by a webpage.
The Referrer-Policy header controls how much referrer information should be included in requests, helping protect user privacy and preventing unnecessary information disclosure.
6. How can the Cache-Control header be configured to enhance web security?
- Cache-Control does not impact web security.
- By allowing caching of sensitive information to improve performance.
- To disable caching entirely or set specific directives to control caching behavior.
- Cache-Control is only relevant during the development phase.
The Cache-Control header can be configured to enhance web security by disabling caching entirely or setting specific directives to control caching behavior, reducing the risk of sensitive information exposure.
7. What security header helps prevent the browser from executing scripts in response to a malicious link, reducing the risk of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks?
- X-Frame-Options
- Content-Security-Policy (CSP)
- Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS)
- Referrer-Policy
Content-Security-Policy (CSP) helps prevent the browser from executing scripts in response to a malicious link, reducing the risk of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks.
8. How does the X-XSS-Protection header contribute to web security?
- X-XSS-Protection does not relate to web security.
- By controlling whether a web page can be embedded within an iframe.
- To prevent the browser from rendering a page in quirks mode.
- By enabling or disabling the browser's built-in Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) protection.
The X-XSS-Protection header enables or disables the browser's built-in Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) protection, helping prevent certain types of XSS attacks.
9. How can the Feature-Policy header be utilized to enhance web security?
- Feature-Policy does not impact web security.
- By controlling which browser features can be used by a web page.
- To disable caching entirely.
- Feature-Policy is only relevant during the development phase.
The Feature-Policy header can be utilized to enhance web security by controlling which browser features can be used by a web page, providing control over potentially risky features.
10. Which security header can be used to mitigate the risk of Clickjacking attacks by preventing a web page from being embedded within an iframe?
- X-Content-Type-Options
- Content-Security-Policy (CSP)
- X-Frame-Options
- Referrer-Policy
The X-Frame-Options header can be used to mitigate the risk of Clickjacking attacks by preventing a web page from being embedded within an iframe.
11. How does the X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies header contribute to web security?
- X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies does not impact web security.
- By specifying the permitted cross-domain policies for Adobe Flash Player.
- By controlling the caching behavior of the browser.
- To restrict the types of files that can be loaded by a webpage.
The X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies header specifies the permitted cross-domain policies for Adobe Flash Player, enhancing web security by controlling Flash content behavior.
12. In the context of web security, what does the Expect-CT header aim to enforce?
- Expect-CT does not impact web security.
- To enforce the use of HTTPS by indicating that a web server should only be accessed over a secure connection.
- To control how much referrer information should be included in requests.
- To enforce Certificate Transparency (CT) and ensure that only valid certificates are accepted.
The Expect-CT header aims to enforce Certificate Transparency (CT) and ensure that only valid certificates are accepted, enhancing the security of HTTPS connections.
13. How can the Public-Key-Pins (HPKP) header enhance web security?
- Public-Key-Pins does not impact web security.
- By specifying the permitted cross-domain policies for Adobe Flash Player.
- To enforce the use of HTTPS by indicating that a web server should only be accessed over a secure connection.
- By associating a set of public keys with a web server, reducing the risk of man-in-the-middle attacks.
The Public-Key-Pins (HPKP) header enhances web security by associating a set of public keys with a web server, reducing the risk of man-in-the-middle attacks involving rogue certificates.
14. How can the Feature-Policy header be utilized to mitigate the risk of information disclosure in terms of device features?
- Feature-Policy does not impact information disclosure.
- By controlling which browser features can be used by a web page, including those related to device capabilities.
- To disable caching entirely.
- Feature-Policy is only relevant during the development phase.
The Feature-Policy header can be utilized to mitigate the risk of information disclosure by controlling which browser features, including those related to device capabilities, can be used by a web page.
15. What security header helps prevent browser MIME type sniffing, reducing the risk of malicious file interpretation?
- Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS)
- Content-Security-Policy (CSP)
- X-Content-Type-Options
- Public-Key-Pins (HPKP)
The X-Content-Type-Options header helps prevent browser MIME type sniffing, reducing the risk of malicious file interpretation based on incorrect MIME types.
16. How does the Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header contribute to web security?
- By preventing the browser from rendering a page in quirks mode.
- Content-Security-Policy does not impact web security.
- By restricting the sources from which the browser can load executable scripts, mitigating the risk of XSS attacks.
- To enforce Certificate Transparency (CT) and ensure that only valid certificates are accepted.
The Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header contributes to web security by restricting the sources from which the browser can load executable scripts, mitigating the risk of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks.
17. How can the Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy (COOP) header enhance web security?
- Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy does not impact web security.
- By controlling how much referrer information should be included in requests.
- To restrict the types of files that can be loaded by a webpage.
- By controlling whether a document can be opened in a browsing context initiated by another document.
The Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy (COOP) header enhances web security by controlling whether a document can be opened in a browsing context initiated by another document, preventing security risks associated with cross-origin interaction.
18. How does the Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy (COEP) header contribute to web security?
- Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy does not impact web security.
- To enforce the use of HTTPS by indicating that a web server should only be accessed over a secure connection.
- By controlling the caching behavior of the browser.
- By controlling whether a document can be embedded by other documents.
The Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy (COEP) header contributes to web security by controlling whether a document can be embedded by other documents, enhancing control over cross-origin embedding.
19. What role does the Feature-Policy header play in preventing the abuse of certain web features?
- Feature-Policy does not impact the abuse of web features.
- To control how much referrer information should be included in requests.
- By specifying the permitted cross-domain policies for Adobe Flash Player.
- By controlling which browser features can be used by a web page.
The Feature-Policy header plays a role in preventing the abuse of certain web features by controlling which browser features can be used by a web page.
20. How can the Report-To header be utilized to enhance web security?
- Report-To does not impact web security.
- By controlling which browser features can be used by a web page.
- To enforce the use of HTTPS by indicating that a web server should only be accessed over a secure connection.
- By specifying an endpoint for reporting policy violations, facilitating proactive monitoring.
The Report-To header can be utilized to enhance web security by specifying an endpoint for reporting policy violations, facilitating proactive monitoring and response to security incidents.
