Computers Basic MCQs Set-3

Output devices are computer components that are used to display or output data and results from the computer system. Here are some common output devices:

1. Monitor: This is the most common output device that displays text, images, and video on a screen. It can be either a CRT (cathode ray tube) monitor or a flat-panel display such as an LCD (liquid crystal display) or LED (light-emitting diode) monitor.
2. Printer: This is an output device that produces a hard copy of text and images on paper. Printers can be either inkjet, laser, or dot matrix printers.
3. Speakers: These are output devices that produce sound and music from the computer system. They are commonly used for listening to music, watching videos, and playing games.
4. Headphones: These are output devices that produce sound and music and are used for private listening. They can be either wired or wireless and can be connected to the computer through a 3.5mm jack or a USB port.
5. Projector: This is an output device that projects images and videos onto a larger screen or wall. It is commonly used for presentations, meetings, and movies.
6. Plotter: This is an output device that produces high-quality graphics and images on paper or other materials. It is commonly used for technical drawings, engineering designs, and architectural plans.
7. Touchscreen display: This is an output device that combines a monitor with a touch-sensitive screen, allowing users to interact with the computer system by touching the screen directly. They are commonly used in kiosks, ATMs, and other interactive systems.

A joystick is a type of input device that is commonly used to control video games, flight simulators, and other applications that require precise control of movement. Joysticks typically consist of a handheld stick or lever that can be moved in different directions to control the movement of an object on the screen. They can also include buttons and other controls that can be used to perform various actions in the software being used. Joysticks can be either wired or wireless and can be connected to a computer or other device through a USB or other type of port. In addition to gaming, joysticks are also used in applications such as robotics, remote control vehicles, and virtual reality systems.

No, a trackball is an input device, not an output device. A trackball is a pointing device that is used to move the cursor on the computer screen. It consists of a ball that can be rotated with the fingers or palm, and sensors inside the device detect the movement of the ball and translate it into cursor movement. Trackballs are often used in situations where a traditional mouse is not practical, such as in industrial settings, where the device needs to be operated with gloves, or in situations where there is limited space available for mouse movement. Some trackballs also include buttons and other controls that can be used to perform various actions in the software being used.

No, the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is not a part of memory, but rather a component of the computer's central processing unit (CPU). The ALU is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations on data that is held in the CPU's registers or in the computer's main memory. It is a critical component of the CPU and is responsible for performing mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as logical operations such as AND, OR, and NOT. The output of the ALU is then stored in a register or in main memory for later use. Memory, on the other hand, refers to the storage devices used to store data and instructions that the computer uses to carry out its operations.

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is the primary component of a computer system responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. The CPU consists of several components, including:

1. Control Unit (CU): The Control Unit is responsible for managing and coordinating the computer's operations. It fetches instructions from memory and decodes them, and then directs the appropriate parts of the computer to carry out the instructions.
2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): The ALU is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations on data held in the CPU's registers or in main memory. It performs operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and logical operations such as AND, OR, and NOT.
3. Registers: Registers are small, high-speed memory locations within the CPU that are used to hold data and instructions during processing. They provide fast access to data that is frequently used by the CPU.
4. Cache: Cache is a type of high-speed memory that is used to temporarily store frequently used data and instructions, providing faster access than main memory.
5. Clock: The CPU clock is responsible for synchronizing the operations of the CPU and other components of the computer. It generates a steady stream of electrical pulses that regulate the timing of the CPU's operations.
6. Bus Interface Unit (BIU): The BIU is responsible for managing the transfer of data and instructions between the CPU and the computer's memory and input/output devices.

These components work together to perform the operations required by the computer.

Volatile memory is a type of computer memory that requires power to maintain its stored data. When the power is turned off, the data stored in volatile memory is lost. The most common example of volatile memory is Random Access Memory (RAM), which is used to temporarily store data and instructions that the CPU needs to access quickly. RAM is considered volatile memory because it requires a constant supply of power to retain the data stored in it. Other examples of volatile memory include cache memory and registers. In contrast, non-volatile memory, such as hard disk drives, solid-state drives, and flash memory, can retain data even when power is removed.

Non-volatile memory is a type of computer memory that retains its stored data even when power is removed. The most common example of non-volatile memory is the hard disk drive (HDD), which is used to store data and programs on a long-term basis. Other examples of non-volatile memory include solid-state drives (SSDs), flash memory, and read-only memory (ROM). Non-volatile memory is important for storing data that needs to be retained even when the computer is turned off, such as operating system files, applications, and user data.

The following are valid measurement units of memory:

1. Byte (B): A byte is the smallest unit of digital information that a computer can process. It consists of 8 bits, and is used to represent a single character, such as a letter or number.
2. Kilobyte (KB): A kilobyte is equal to 1024 bytes. It is often used to describe the size of small files or the amount of memory used by a program.
3. Megabyte (MB): A megabyte is equal to 1024 kilobytes, or 1,048,576 bytes. It is commonly used to describe the size of larger files, such as photos or videos.
4. Gigabyte (GB): A gigabyte is equal to 1024 megabytes, or 1,073,741,824 bytes. It is often used to describe the size of hard drives and other storage devices.
5. Terabyte (TB): A terabyte is equal to 1024 gigabytes, or 1,099,511,627,776 bytes. It is commonly used to describe the size of large data sets or storage arrays.
6. Petabyte (PB): A petabyte is equal to 1024 terabytes, or 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes. It is used to describe the size of very large data sets, such as those used in scientific research or big data analytics.
7. Exabyte (EB): An exabyte is equal to 1024 petabytes, or 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 bytes. It is used to describe the size of extremely large data sets, such as those used in high-performance computing or cloud storage.

In general, some hardware can work without a device driver, but not all hardware can. Device drivers are software programs that allow the operating system to communicate with and control hardware devices. They provide the necessary instructions and protocols for the hardware to function properly with the computer system.

Some hardware devices, such as keyboards, mice, and basic display monitors, are typically recognized and supported by the operating system without the need for a specific device driver. These devices are often referred to as "plug-and-play" devices, as they can be connected to the computer and used immediately without the need for additional software.

However, more complex hardware devices, such as graphics cards, network adapters, and printers, often require specific device drivers to function properly. Without these drivers, the hardware may not work at all, or may not function at optimal levels. Therefore, in general, it is recommended to install the appropriate device drivers for all hardware devices to ensure that they work properly with the computer system.

Microsoft Office: Microsoft Office is a suite of productivity applications, including Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and others. While it is commonly used on operating systems such as Windows and macOS, it is not an operating system itself.