Basics of computer networks and the internet MCQs

IP stands for Internet Protocol, which is responsible for addressing and routing packets of data so they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination.

A switch is used to connect multiple computers within a local area network (LAN) and manage the traffic between them.

DNS stands for Domain Name Server, which translates human-readable domain names (e.g., www.example.com) into IP addresses.

A switch operates at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model and makes forwarding decisions based on MAC addresses.

A firewall is designed to block unauthorized access to a network, enhancing security by controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic.

SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security) is commonly used for secure communication over the internet, such as in HTTPS.

LAN stands for Local Area Network, which is a network of interconnected devices within a limited geographic area.

A router's primary function is to forward data packets between different networks, such as between a local network and the internet.

Class D IP addresses (in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255) are reserved for multicast group communication.

IPv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers, allowing for a maximum of 2^32 unique addresses, which is approximately 4.3 billion.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) is commonly used for retrieving email from a mail server.

The .edu TLD is reserved for educational institutions and universities.

ISP stands for Internet Service Provider, which provides access to the internet for individuals and organizations.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending emails.

NAT is used to translate private IP addresses of devices on a local network to a single public IP address for internet communication.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is used for remotely accessing and managing network devices.

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, which is used to specify the address of a resource on the web.

A proxy server acts as an intermediary between clients and servers, often used for caching and security purposes.

Linear topology is not a commonly used network topology. Common topologies include Star, Mesh, and Ring.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used for dynamic IP address allocation in a network.

WPA2 stands for Wireless Protected Access 2, which is a security protocol for wireless networks.

Keyboards are common input devices used with GUI interfaces.

A DNS server's primary function is to translate domain names to IP addresses.

SSH (Secure Shell) is commonly used for secure file transfer over a network.

A modem (Modulator-Demodulator) converts digital data to analog signals for transmission over phone lines or other communication channels.

The MAC address is used to identify a device on a local network.

A home Wi-Fi network is typically a peer-to-peer network where devices communicate directly with each other.

A subnet mask is used to determine the network portion of an IP address.

A proxy firewall operates at the application layer of the OSI model and can inspect and filter application-layer traffic.

QoS (Quality of Service) is used to prioritize network traffic based on criteria like latency, bandwidth, and reliability.

SSH (Secure Shell) is commonly used for remote access to Unix-based systems.

A load balancer is used to distribute network traffic evenly across multiple servers to ensure efficient resource utilization.

A modem (Modulator-Demodulator) connects a computer to the internet using a telephone line.

ARP is used to convert IP addresses to MAC addresses in a local network.

SSL is not a wireless encryption standard but rather a protocol used for securing internet communications.

A VPN is used to establish a secure, encrypted connection over the internet, often for remote access or to connect multiple LANs.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) is used for receiving email messages on a mail client.

A proxy server acts as an intermediary between clients and servers, often used for caching and security purposes.

A hub operates at the Physical Layer of the OSI model and simply forwards data to all connected devices.

ICMP is used to send error and control messages, such as "ping" requests and responses.

A WEP key is used to encrypt wireless traffic in older wireless network security protocols.

A subnet is used to divide a larger network into smaller, manageable segments.

A DNS resolver is responsible for converting domain names to IP addresses.

Bluetooth is a common wireless communication standard used for short-range connections between devices.

NAT is used to translate private IP addresses of devices on a local network to a single public IP address for internet communication.

With a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (or /24 in CIDR notation), there can be 256 possible host addresses in that subnet, minus the network address and the broadcast address, leaving 254 usable host addresses.

DNS (Domain Name System) is used to translate domain names to IP addresses in most computer networks.

The traceroute command is used to diagnose network routing issues by tracing the path that packets take through the network.

The Data Link Layer is responsible for error detection and correction at the link level, such as Ethernet frames.

127.0.0.1 is a loopback IP address, often used to test network connectivity on a local device without sending data over a network.