This set focused on Internet fundamentals MCQs. These Questions have been already asked in one or more Competitive Exams.We have hand picked these Questions from the old Question Papers.
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1. In HTTP, the message sent from the server to the client is called a ______
- response
- request
- demand
- none of the above
In HTTP, the message sent from the server to the client is called a "response."
When a client (such as a web browser) sends a request to a server, the server processes the request and generates a response that is then sent back to the client. The response contains the requested data or information and is formatted according to the HTTP protocol.
The HTTP response consists of several components, including the status line, response headers, and the response body. The status line provides information about the status of the request (e.g., success, error, redirection), while the headers provide additional metadata about the response.
The response body contains the actual content or data requested by the client. For example, if the client requested a web page, the response body would typically contain the HTML markup that defines the structure and content of the page. Other types of responses may include JSON data, images, documents, or any other type of content that the server is designed to provide.
Overall, the HTTP response is the message sent from the server to the client, containing the requested data or information.
2. A request or a response in HTTP is made of _______ components
- 3
- 4
- 2
- none of the above
A request or a response in HTTP is made up of three components:
1. Start Line: The start line provides important information about the request or response. For a request, the start line includes the HTTP method (such as GET, POST, etc.), the target URL, and the HTTP version. For a response, the start line includes the HTTP version, the status code, and a corresponding reason phrase.
2. Headers: Headers are optional components that provide additional information about the request or response. They consist of key-value pairs and can include details such as content type, content length, caching instructions, authentication credentials, and more. Headers are used to convey metadata and instructions related to the request or response.
3. Message Body: The message body is the optional component that carries the actual content or payload of the request or response. It can contain various types of data, such as HTML, JSON, XML, binary files, or plain text. The message body is where the main data of the request or response is transmitted.
Together, these three components (start line, headers, and message body) make up the structure of a request or response in the HTTP protocol. They provide the necessary information for communicating between clients and servers over the web.
3. The first section of a request message in HTTP is the __________.
- header
- request line
- body
- a blank line
The first section of a request message in HTTP is the "request line."
The request line contains three essential components:
1. HTTP Method: It specifies the action the client wants the server to perform. Common HTTP methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc. Each method has a specific purpose and defines the type of interaction the client desires with the server.
2. Request Target: It identifies the resource or URL path on the server that the client wants to access or manipulate. The target can be a specific file, a directory, or even a script or API endpoint.
3. HTTP Version: It indicates the version of the HTTP protocol being used, such as HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2. The version helps ensure compatibility between the client and server and determines the features and capabilities that can be utilized.
For example, a typical request line may look like this:
``` GET /example-page.html HTTP/1.1 ```
In this example, the client is using the GET method to request the "example-page.html" file from the server using HTTP version 1.1.
The request line serves as the initial part of an HTTP request, providing the necessary information for the server to understand the client's intent and fulfill the request.
4. The tag used in HTML to link it with other URL’s is
- “”
- “
” - “”
- “
”
The tag used in HTML to link it with other URLs is the `<a>` tag, which stands for "anchor."
The `<a>` tag is used to create hyperlinks in HTML. It allows you to link a specific portion of text or an image to another web page, a file, or a different location within the same page. The `<a>` tag requires the use of the `href` attribute, which specifies the URL or the target destination of the link.
Here's an example of how the `<a>` tag is used to create a hyperlink:
```html <a href="https://www.example.com">Click here</a> ```
In this example, the text "Click here" is wrapped within the `<a>` tags, and the `href` attribute specifies the URL "https://www.example.com" as the destination for the link. When a user clicks on the link, they will be redirected to the specified URL.
The `<a>` tag provides a fundamental way to create clickable links in HTML, enabling navigation and connecting different web pages or resources together.
5. The tags used for specifying fonts BOLD and Italic in HTML are (i) “<B>” (ii) “<I>” (iii) “<U>” (iv) “<L>”
- (i) and (ii)
- (i) and (iii)
- (ii) and (iv)
- (i),(ii) and (iii)
The tag used in HTML to link it with other URLs is the `<a>` tag, which stands for "anchor."
The `<a>` tag is used to create hyperlinks in HTML. It allows you to link a specific portion of text or an image to another web page, a file, or a different location within the same page. The `<a>` tag requires the use of the `href` attribute, which specifies the URL or the target destination of the link.
Here's an example of how the `<a>` tag is used to create a hyperlink:
```html <a href="https://www.example.com">Click here</a> ```
In this example, the text "Click here" is wrapped within the `<a>` tags, and the `href` attribute specifies the URL "https://www.example.com" as the destination for the link. When a user clicks on the link, they will be redirected to the specified URL.
The `<a>` tag provides a fundamental way to create clickable links in HTML, enabling navigation and connecting different web pages or resources together.
6. A web page document that is stored in the server and can be retrieved by a browser is called a _______ document
- static
- dynamic
- active
- none of the above
Yes, by default, an HTML document is considered static, meaning its content remains fixed and does not change dynamically based on user interactions or server-side processing.
A static HTML document is pre-authored and stored on the server as a file. When a browser requests that HTML file, the server retrieves it and sends it back to the browser as is, without any modifications. The content of the HTML document remains the same until it is manually updated or modified on the server.
Static HTML documents are suitable for displaying consistent and unchanging content, such as informational websites, blog posts, or documentation pages that do not require frequent updates or dynamic data.
In contrast, dynamic web pages involve server-side processing or client-side scripting to generate content on the fly, customizing the page based on user inputs or retrieving data from databases or APIs. Dynamic websites often use technologies such as server-side scripting languages (e.g., PHP, Python, Ruby) or client-side scripting languages (e.g., JavaScript) to dynamically generate HTML content.
While HTML documents themselves are typically static, they can include dynamic elements or incorporate dynamic content through the use of scripting languages or frameworks. However, the fundamental nature of an HTML document is static, as it represents the initial structure and content of a web page.
7. A web page document that is stored in the server but should be run before the result can be retrieved by a browser is called a _______ document.
- static
- dynamic
- active
- none of the above
A web page document that is stored in the server but needs to be executed or processed before the result can be retrieved by a browser is called a "dynamic document" or a "server-side script".
Unlike static HTML documents that are retrieved as-is from the server, dynamic documents involve server-side processing to generate the content that will be sent to the browser. These documents often contain server-side scripting code written in languages like PHP, Python, ASP.NET, or Java, which are executed on the server to generate HTML content dynamically.
When a browser requests a dynamic document, the server processes the server-side script embedded within the document. The script may interact with databases, perform calculations, retrieve data from external sources, or perform other server-side operations. The output of the server-side script is then converted into HTML format and sent back to the browser for rendering.
Dynamic documents allow for more interactive and personalized web experiences as they can incorporate real-time data, user-specific information, and dynamic content updates. Examples of dynamic documents include web applications, e-commerce sites, content management systems, and online forums.
It's important to note that the term "document" here refers to the underlying file or resource containing the server-side script and not necessarily the visual representation seen by the user. The dynamic document is processed on the server, and the resulting HTML content is what is ultimately sent to the browser for display.
8. HTML is mostly associated with a _______ document
- static
- dynamic
- active
- none of the above
HTML is mostly associated with a "static document".
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a markup language used for creating the structure and presentation of web pages. It provides a set of tags and attributes that define the elements and formatting of a web document. HTML documents are primarily used for static content, where the content remains fixed and does not change dynamically.
A static HTML document is pre-authored and stored on a web server as a file. When a user requests a web page, the server retrieves the corresponding HTML file and sends it to the user's browser. The browser then interprets the HTML tags and displays the web page accordingly.
Static HTML documents are commonly used for informational websites, blogs, documentation pages, and other types of content that do not require frequent updates or dynamic interactions. The content of a static HTML document remains the same until it is manually edited or modified.
While HTML can include some interactive elements and support client-side scripting with JavaScript, its primary purpose is to define the structure and presentation of a web page, making it suitable for static content presentation on the World Wide Web.
9. XML uses
- user define tags
- pre-defined tags
- both predefined and user-defined tags
- Extended tags used in HTML and makes them powerful
XML (Extensible Markup Language) uses tags to define elements and structure within a document.
In XML, tags are used to enclose and identify different elements or data within the document. These tags are defined by the user and can be customized to suit the specific needs of the data being represented.
Here is an example of how tags are used in XML:
```xml
<person>
<name>John Doe</name>
<age>30</age>
<email>[email protected]</email>
</person>
```
In the above XML example, the `<person>` tag represents an element that contains information about a person. Within the `<person>` element, there are child elements such as `<name>`, `<age>`, and `<email>`, each representing a specific piece of data.
The tags in XML provide a hierarchical structure, allowing for the organization and nesting of elements. This structure helps to define relationships and identify the different components of the data being represented in the XML document.
XML's flexibility and extensibility make it suitable for various applications, including data storage, data exchange, configuration files, and representation of structured information.
10. In order to interpret XML documents one should
- Use standardized tags
- Have a document type definition which defines the tags
- Define the tags separately
- Specify tag filename
In order to interpret XML documents, one should use an XML parser or an XML processing library.
XML parsers are software components or libraries that can read and interpret XML documents, extract data from them, and provide access to the content within the document. These parsers parse the XML syntax, validate the document against a defined XML schema or Document Type Definition (DTD), and provide an interface to navigate and manipulate the XML data.
Here are the common steps involved in interpreting XML documents:
1. Parsing: The XML parser reads the XML document and checks its syntax and structure. It verifies that the document conforms to the XML specifications.
2. Validation: If a validation process is required, the parser validates the XML document against a specified XML schema or DTD. This ensures that the document adheres to the defined rules and structure.
3. Document Object Model (DOM) or SAX Parsing: The parser creates a representation of the XML document, known as the Document Object Model (DOM) or uses a streaming model called Simple API for XML (SAX). The DOM/SAX provides an interface to access and manipulate the XML elements, attributes, and data.
4. Data Extraction and Processing: Using the DOM or SAX, the application can access specific elements, attributes, or data within the XML document. It can extract the required information, perform operations on the data, or integrate it into the application's logic.
5. Error Handling: The XML parser can report any errors encountered during the parsing and validation process. This allows the application to handle exceptions or handle invalid XML documents appropriately.
There are various programming languages that provide XML parsing libraries or built-in XML processing capabilities, such as Java (with libraries like DOM, SAX, and StAX), Python (with libraries like xml.etree.ElementTree or lxml), C# (.NET Framework with System.Xml), and many more.
Using these XML parsing libraries, developers can read, interpret, and process XML documents according to their application's requirements.
