Web Fundamental MCQs Set-5

The term you are referring to is "content" or "text content." It represents the actual textual information between the start and end tags of an HTML or XML element.

Space, tabs, line feeds, and carriage returns are examples of "whitespace characters."

The process of converting insignificant whitespace characters into a single white space character or entirely removing it is called "whitespace normalization" or "whitespace collapsing."

The term you are referring to is an "entity reference." An entity reference in XML or HTML begins with an ampersand (&) and ends with a semicolon (;). It is used to represent reserved characters or predefined entities that have special meaning within the markup language. For example, "&lt;" represents the less-than symbol ("<") and "&amp;" represents the ampersand character ("&"). Entity references allow these special characters to be included in the text content of an XML or HTML document without conflicting with the syntax of the markup language.

The "Document Type Definition" (DTD) file or the "XML Schema Definition" (XSD) file defines the structure of an XML document. Both DTD and XSD are commonly used to specify the rules and constraints for the elements, attributes, and relationships within an XML document. They define the allowed elements, their hierarchy, data types, and any additional restrictions or requirements. By referencing the DTD or XSD file, the XML document can be validated against the defined structure to ensure its adherence to the specified rules.

The term "hotspot" typically refers to a specific location or area within an image, video, or user interface that is interactive or clickable. It is often used in the context of web design or multimedia elements where users can interact with specific regions or trigger actions by clicking or hovering over the designated hotspots. Hotspots are commonly associated with image maps, where different areas of an image are defined as separate clickable regions with specific functionalities or hyperlinks associated with them.

Voice recording is not a mandatory component of an Aadhaar card issued by UIDAI (Unique Identification Authority of India). The primary components of an Aadhaar card typically include a unique Aadhaar number, demographic information, and biometric data such as fingerprints and iris scans. However, please note that there may have been updates or changes since then, so it's advisable to refer to the official UIDAI website for the latest information on Aadhaar card requirements.

Compression: Data compression techniques are used to reduce the size of digital documents by eliminating redundancies or encoding data more efficiently. Common compression algorithms include ZIP, GZIP, and JPEG for images.

Face recognition does not require OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software. OCR software is used to extract text from images or documents, whereas face recognition focuses on identifying and verifying individuals based on facial features or patterns. Face recognition algorithms analyze the unique characteristics of a person's face, such as the arrangement of eyes, nose, mouth, and other facial attributes, to match them against a database or known identities. OCR software, on the other hand, is specifically designed for text extraction and does not have a direct role in face recognition.

A CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a security measure used to verify whether a web user is a human or a computer program (bot). It typically involves presenting the user with a challenge, such as distorted or obscured text, an image, or a puzzle, and requiring the user to provide the correct response or solution. The purpose of a CAPTCHA is to distinguish human users from automated bots, as bots can often perform repetitive tasks or submit malicious actions on websites.

By solving the CAPTCHA challenge, the user demonstrates their ability to perceive and interpret the information presented, which is something that automated bots find difficult to replicate accurately. CAPTCHAs are commonly used in various online forms, such as user registrations, comment sections, or when submitting sensitive information, to prevent automated bots from overwhelming the system or performing malicious activities.