Web Fundamental MCQs Set-2

The `&` is an HTML entity that represents the ampersand character (`&`). In HTML, certain characters have special meanings, and to display them as literal characters rather than interpreting their special meanings, you need to use character entities.

The ampersand character (`&`) itself is one such character. When you use it directly in HTML code, the browser interprets it as the start of an HTML entity or character reference. To display an ampersand character itself without triggering this interpretation, you can use the `&` entity.

For example, if you want to display "AT&T" in HTML, you would write it as:

```html
AT&T
```

When the HTML is rendered in a browser, `&` is replaced with a single ampersand character, resulting in "AT&T" being displayed on the page.

It's important to use `&` or other appropriate HTML entities when necessary to ensure proper rendering and avoid syntax errors in HTML code.

The default numbering style for ordered lists in HTML is decimal. It uses sequential numbers starting from 1 and increments by one for each subsequent item. The numbers are represented using Arabic numerals (0-9). Here's an example:

```html
<ol>
<li>First item</li>
<li>Second item</li>
<li>Third item</li>
</ol>
```

In this example, the ordered list will be displayed as:

1. First item
2. Second item
3. Third item

The default numbering style can be overridden or customized using CSS by applying different properties and values to the ordered list.

The `<hr>` element is used to insert a horizontal rule in HTML. It represents a thematic break or a visual separator between content sections. When the `<hr>` element is inserted, it creates a horizontal line across the page to visually divide or separate content.

Here's an example of how the `<hr>` element is used in HTML:

```html
<p>This is the first paragraph.</p>
<hr>
<p>This is the second paragraph.</p>
```

In this example, the `<hr>` element is placed between two paragraphs, creating a horizontal line between them when the HTML is rendered in a web browser.

In ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems, data migration refers to the process of transferring data from the legacy or existing systems into the new ERP system. It involves extracting data from the source systems, transforming and cleansing it as necessary, and loading it into the target ERP system.

Learn more about : In ERP, data migration refers to What?

Here is the correct chronological order for the scope of COBIT framework in relation to audit, control, management, IT governance, and governance of enterprise IT:

1. Control: The COBIT framework initially focused on control objectives to help organizations manage IT risks and establish a control framework. The early versions of COBIT, such as COBIT 1st Edition and COBIT 2nd Edition, emphasized control practices and guidelines.

2. Management: As COBIT evolved, it started to incorporate management practices for effective governance and operation of IT. COBIT 3rd Edition introduced a structured framework for IT governance and emphasized process-oriented management.

3. IT Governance: The concept of IT governance gained prominence in COBIT 3rd Edition and continued to be a central theme in subsequent versions. COBIT 3rd Edition and COBIT 4.0 introduced the domains of IT governance and provided guidance on aligning IT with business objectives, managing risks, and optimizing resources.

4. Governance of Enterprise IT (GEIT): COBIT 4.0 introduced the concept of GEIT, which expanded the scope of IT governance beyond the IT department. It emphasized the integration of IT governance with overall enterprise governance, highlighting the importance of IT in supporting business goals.

5. Audit: Throughout its various versions, COBIT has always provided guidance for IT audit and control professionals. The framework offers a set of control objectives, audit guidelines, and assessment tools to support IT audits and ensure compliance with relevant regulations.

It's important to note that the scope of the COBIT framework encompasses all these elements simultaneously. The different versions of COBIT have progressively refined and expanded upon these concepts to provide a comprehensive framework for the governance and management of enterprise IT.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is an example of a request-response protocol commonly used for web communication. The client, usually a web browser, sends an HTTP request to a web server, which then responds with an HTTP response. The request-response pattern is also utilized in various other protocols, such as SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) for email communication and FTP (File Transfer Protocol) for file transfers.

Overall, the request-response protocol provides a standardized and efficient way for clients and servers to exchange data and perform actions in a networked environment. It enables the flow of information and facilitates communication between different entities across the internet.

Learn more about : What is Request-Response Protocol?

The default size of a block in Apache Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is 128 megabytes (MB).

HDFS is the distributed file system used by Apache Hadoop, a popular framework for distributed storage and processing of large datasets across clusters of computers. In HDFS, files are divided into fixed-size blocks for efficient storage and processing.

By default, HDFS uses a block size of 128 MB. This means that when a file is stored in HDFS, it is split into chunks or blocks, and each block is typically 128 MB in size. This block size was chosen to balance factors such as storage efficiency, data transfer rates, and parallelism in data processing.

The block size in HDFS can be customized based on specific requirements. Changing the block size can have implications on the storage overhead, data locality, and overall performance of HDFS. Administrators can configure the block size during the setup or modify it later by adjusting the relevant configuration parameter in the Hadoop configuration files.

A payment gateway refers to a technology infrastructure or service that enables electronic payment transactions to occur securely over the internet. It acts as a middleman between the merchant (seller) and the financial institution (such as a bank) to facilitate the authorization and processing of payment transactions.

Learn more about : Payment Gateway refers to what?

Collaborative application development refers to the process of building software applications through collaborative efforts and teamwork. It involves multiple individuals or teams working together, sharing knowledge, resources, and responsibilities to design, develop, and deliver software applications.

Learn more about : “Collaborative application development” means?

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is a structured method for exchanging business documents electronically between different computer systems. It is a set of standards and protocols that enable the exchange of business information, such as purchase orders, invoices, shipping notices, and other transactional data, in a standardized and machine-readable format.

Learn more about : Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Means ?